Conspiracy theory iceberg

This is a list of notable conspiracy theories.

The iceberg theory or theory of omission is a writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway. As a young journalist, Hemingway had to focus his newspaper reports on immediate events, with very little context or interpretation. When he became a writer of short stories, he retained this minimalistic style, focusing on surface elements without explicitly discussing underlying themes. Hemingway believed the deeper meaning of a story should not be evident on the surface, but should shine through implicitly. Like many other writers, Hemingway worked as a journalist before becoming a novelist. After graduating from high school he went to work as a cub reporter for The Kansas City Star , [1] where he quickly learned that truth often lurks below the surface of a story.

Conspiracy theory iceberg

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Conspiracy theories play a troubling role in political discourse. Online forums provide a valuable window into everyday conspiracy theorizing, and can give a clue to the motivations and interests of those who post in such forums. Yet this online activity can be difficult to quantify and study. We describe a unique approach to studying online conspiracy theorists which used non-negative matrix factorization to create a topic model of authors' contributions to the main conspiracy forum on Reddit. This subreddit provides a large corpus of comments which spans many years and numerous authors. We show that within the forum, there are multiple sub-populations distinguishable by their loadings on different topics in the model. Further, we argue, these differences are interpretable as differences in background beliefs and motivations. The diversity of the distinct subgroups places constraints on theories of what generates conspiracy theorizing. Neither simple irrationality nor common preoccupations can account for the observed diversity. Instead, we suggest, those who endorse conspiracies seem to be primarily brought together by epistemological concerns, and that these central concerns link an otherwise heterogenous group of individuals. Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that the American commitment to freedom of association prevented the formation of conspiracies de Tocqueville, Considering recent political discourse, this seems optimistic. Indeed, conspiracy theorizing has long been a part of American politics Hofstadter,

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An iceberg chart is a graphic used to break down elements of a certain topic in the same way we think of literal icebergs — a little visible on the surface, but a massive amount underneath. At the top are the best-known, simple topics. As the graphic goes deeper, so do the topics until they become less known and often darker. It took more than a year to complete, but what is perhaps more impressive is the way his channel has skyrocketed to popularity now that it is finished. In early videos, he celebrated a number of milestones — having his channel monetized, scoring a few hundred subscribers and so on. The channel exceeded the expectations he set for himself as a college student studying biology and hoping to dabble in YouTube on the side. In fact, over the course of the interview, Isaiah expressed gratitude and disbelief regarding his success half a dozen times. He has cemented himself as one of the most authoritative forces In a corner of the internet dominated by spooky voiceovers and dramatic visuals from channels like Nick Crowley and Nexpo. There, his upbeat demeanor and southern Appalachian accent stand out. He seems more like a Sunday School teacher than a YouTuber who specializes in horror, but he is both.

Conspiracy theory iceberg

You can help confirm this entry by contributing facts, media, and other evidence of notability and mutation. The Conspiracy Chart refers to an inverted pyramid graph of conspiracy theories mapped in accordance with how "grounded" they are in reality. The original image was posted to both Twitter and Instagram in late November , becoming an exploitable format across both platforms. It is similar to other precursor formats like Iceberg Tiers Parodies. The original conspiracy chart was created by social-media personality Abbie Richards. On October 3rd, , she posted a version of the chart to her Twitter, [1] which received roughly 31, likes over the course of one year.

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Not in Your Lifetime. Archived PDF from the original on 9 August This suggests a particular picture: the conspiracy theorist is one who believes that everything is connected. Cognition , — Archived from the original on 26 December Yet we think that a move to attribute pathological irrationality would be hasty. There is, however, nothing to prevent an elector from marking their ballot paper with a pen if they so wish. This was omitted on my new theory that you could omit anything Similarly, the R edditors seem to be as much concerned with interpersonal drama on the site as they are with any particular conspiracy theory. The unsolved murder that still haunts Sweden". The most obvious example of this are the I ndignant , who tend to write short, profanity-heavy posts. The tf-idf score is widely used in information retrieval, and can be seen as a method for determining the relevance of a particular term for the content of a document Wu et al. Larries are a group of shipping conspiracy theorist fans, centered around the idea that two members of the boy band One Direction , Harry Styles and Louis Tomlinson , are secretly a couple. Conspiracy theories are not socially innocuous: aside from obvious political effects, endorsement of conspiracy theories is associated with rejection of science and unwillingness to donate to prosocial causes van der Linden,

The Conspiracy Theory Iceberg represents the vast landscape of conspiracy theories, each with varying depths of truth.

Their core belief is that a cabal of Satanic , [] [] cannibalistic child molesters are operating a global child sex trafficking ring which conspired against Donald Trump. This is additional reason to believe that topic loadings track what is distinctive about an author's contribution to the forum. A study of fake news, which was published by the Shorenstein Center , found that " misinformation is currently predominantly a pathology of the right ". He believed fiction could be based on reality, but that if an experience were to be distilled, as he explained, then "what he made up was truer than what he remembered". That is, we predicted that overall there would be numerous empirically derivable subgroups, each of which had distinct interests. A more recent theory, emergent following the activities of hacker Gary McKinnon , [] suggests that a secret program of crewed space fleets exists, supposedly acting under the United Nations. Reddit is a popular site, with web traffic consistently ranking in the top 10 of US websites. Archived from the original on 9 January Call this the iceberg model : it claims that monological believers are merely a small visible tip of a much larger heterogenous group. Fake Trumps! Archived from the original on 1 November