Proc natl acad sci u s a

A method has been devised for the electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets. The method results in quantitative transfer of ribosomal proteins from gels containing urea.

Abstract : A key component of scientific communication is sufficient information for other researchers in the field to reproduce published findings. For computational and data-enabled research, this has often been interpreted to mean making available the raw data from which results were generated, the computer code that generated the findings, and any additional information needed such as workflows and input parameters. Many journals are revising author guidelines to include data and code availability. This work evaluates the effectiveness of journal policy that requires the data and code necessary for reproducibility be made available postpublication by the authors upon request. We assess the effectiveness of such a policy by i requesting data and code from authors and ii attempting replication of the published findings. We chose a random sample of scientific papers published in the journal Science after the implementation of their policy in February

Proc natl acad sci u s a

National Academy of Sciences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Proc. Scopus source ID. Biodiversity Heritage Library. BHL bibliography ID. English Wikipedia. Finnish Wikipedia. PNAS English. ISSN Portal. OA Switchboard. February Washington, D.

For computational and data-enabled research, this has often been interpreted to mean making available the raw data from which results were generated, the computer code that generated the findings, and any additional information needed such as workflows and input parameters. Washington, D. July 6,

Cookies help us deliver our services. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. More information. MitoPedia alert. MiP and biochemistry. O2k and HRR. MiP

Tumor cell proliferation requires rapid synthesis of macromolecules including lipids, proteins, and nucleotides. Many tumor cells exhibit rapid glucose consumption, with most of the glucose-derived carbon being secreted as lactate despite abundant oxygen availability the Warburg effect. Here, we used 13C NMR spectroscopy to examine the metabolism of glioblastoma cells exhibiting aerobic glycolysis. In these cells, the tricarboxylic acid TCA cycle was active but was characterized by an efflux of substrates for use in biosynthetic pathways, particularly fatty acid synthesis. The success of this synthetic activity depends on activation of pathways to generate reductive power NADPH and to restore oxaloacetate for continued TCA cycle function anaplerosis. Surprisingly, both these needs were met by a high rate of glutamine metabolism. First, conversion of glutamine to lactate glutaminolysis was rapid enough to produce sufficient NADPH to support fatty acid synthesis. Second, despite substantial mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism, pyruvate carboxylation was suppressed, and anaplerotic oxaloacetate was derived from glutamine. Glutamine catabolism was accompanied by secretion of alanine and ammonia, such that most of the amino groups from glutamine were lost from the cell rather than incorporated into other molecules. These data demonstrate that transformed cells exhibit a high rate of glutamine consumption that cannot be explained by the nitrogen demand imposed by nucleotide synthesis or maintenance of nonessential amino acid pools.

Proc natl acad sci u s a

Infection by carcinogenic human papillomaviruses HPV results in precancers [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN ] and cancers near the ectoendocervical squamocolumnar SC junction of the cervix. However, the specific cells targeted by HPV have not been identified and the cellular origin of cervical cancer remains elusive. In this study, we uncovered a discrete population of SC junctional cells with unique morphology and gene-expression profile. That the original SC junction immunophenotype was not regenerated at new SC junctions following excision, not induced by expression of viral oncoproteins in foreskin keratinocytes, and not seen in HPV-related precursors of the vagina, vulva, and penis further support the notion that junctional cells are the source of cervical cancer. Taken together, our findings suggest that carcinogenic HPV-related CINs and cervical cancers are linked to a small, discrete cell population that localizes to the SC junction of the cervix, expresses a unique gene expression signature, and is not regenerated after excision. The findings in this study uncover a potential target for cervical cancer prevention, provide insight into the risk assessment of cervical lesions, and establish a model for elucidating the pathway to cervical cancer following carcinogenic HPV infection. Abstract Infection by carcinogenic human papillomaviruses HPV results in precancers [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CIN ] and cancers near the ectoendocervical squamocolumnar SC junction of the cervix. Publication types Research Support, N. Gov't Research Support, U.

Sasuke mod gta 5

Stodden Victoria, Seiler Jennifer, Ma Zhaokun An empirical analysis of journal policy effectiveness for computational reproducibility. Oxford University Press. This page was last edited on 17 January , at For much of the journal's history, PNAS published brief first announcements of Academy members' and associates' contributions to research. Reno, Nevada. The NAS itself was founded in as a private institution, but chartered by the United States Congress , with the goal to "investigate, examine, experiment and report upon any subject of science or art. Wikisource 1 entry edit. May Berenbaum. Bibcode : PNAS.. Poughkeepsie, New York. Impact factor. Cookies help us deliver our services. February

It is the official journal of the National Academy of Sciences , published since , and publishes original research, scientific reviews, commentaries, and letters. According to Journal Citation Reports , the journal has a impact factor of PNAS is a delayed open-access journal , with an embargo period of six months that can be bypassed for an author fee hybrid open access.

Library of Congress Online Catalog. MiP and biochemistry. PNAS is a delayed open-access journal , with an embargo period of six months that can be bypassed for an author fee hybrid open access. Prior to the inception of PNAS , the National Academy of Sciences published three volumes of organizational transactions, consisting mostly of minutes of meetings and annual reports. Since September , open access articles are published under a Creative Commons license. Substances Antigens Ribosomal Proteins Cellulose. October 13, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Essays of an Information Scientist. Villani G, Attardi G In vivo control of respiration by cytochrome c oxidase in wild-type and mitochondrial DNA mutation-carrying human cells. This page was last edited on 22 March , at