Nursing care plan for polycythemia

Though rare, MPNs are serious conditions that are caused by overproduction or proliferation of bone marrow stem cells. Recall that blood cells originate from bone marrow stem cells, so individuals with MPNs have disorders related to the quantity and quality of blood cells.

Nursing Diagnoses associated with CBC results. Until the mid's, neutropenic patients were placed in reverse isolation. Newer protocols recommended by the Centers of Disease Control CDC emphasize strict handwashing as the most significant means of protecting a neutropenic patient from infection. Exposure to people with upper respiratory infections or other infectious diseases should be eliminated. It is important for the patient to have excellent personal hygiene and the patient's environment must be controlled to eliminate potential bacterial sources of infection. Potential sources of infection include stagnant water and diets that contain fresh fruit or raw vegetables. Any procedure that might cause a break in the skin, such as intravenous or intramuscular injections, medications given by suppository, rectal temperatures or enemas, increase the risk of infection in a neutropenic patient.

Nursing care plan for polycythemia

Polycythemia is a chronic disorder characterized by excessive production of red blood cells RBCs , platelets, and myelocytes. As these increase, blood volume, blood viscosity, and hemoglobin Hb concentration increase, causing excessive workload for the heart and congestion of some organs e. Secondary polycythemia results from an abnormal increase in erythropoietin production e. Polycythemia vera is a primary disorder arising from a chromosomal mutation a single recurrent JAK2 mutation most often affecting men of Jewish descent, with onset in late midlife. Polycythemia vera results in increased RBC mass, leukocytosis, and slight thrombocytosis. Because of increased viscosity and decreased microcirculation, mortality is high if the condition is left untreated. In addition, there is potential for this disorder to evolve into other hematopoietic disorders, such as myelofibrosis and acute leukemia. Hypertension, engorgement of retinal blood veins, crackles rales , weight loss, cyanosis, changes in mentation or mood delirium, psychotic depression, mania , ruddy complexion especially palmar aspects of hands and plantar surfaces of feet , splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, gastrointestinal GI disturbances ulcers, GI bleed. May be increased because of increased nucleoprotein, an end product of RBC breakdown. Objective indicators, such as grimacing, are absent or diminished. Patient states that lifestyle behaviors are not compromised because of discomfort. Health care setting Primary care; acute care for complications. Physical assessment: Hypertension, engorgement of retinal blood veins, crackles rales , weight loss, cyanosis, changes in mentation or mood delirium, psychotic depression, mania , ruddy complexion especially palmar aspects of hands and plantar surfaces of feet , splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, gastrointestinal GI disturbances ulcers, GI bleed. Platelet count: Elevated as a result of increased production.

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Background: Polycythemia vera PV is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm, which is a threat to life. Teamwork is needed during the process of treatment and care of patients suffering from PV, which is a chronic illness. Especially, important roles fall to the nurses within the team. Objective: The purpose of this article is to assess the symptoms in connection with PV and the treatment and the difficulties which have been experienced, in accordance with the System for the Categorisation of Nursing Diagnoses of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association NANDA and present possible nursing diagnoses and the management of symptoms according to these diagnoses. The approaches directed at the nursing diagnoses which have been determined in the article, are based on the papers from peer-reviewed publications, books, guidelines and the recommendations made by medical professionals. Results and conclusion: The important nursing diagnosis related with PV are altered gas exchange, altered tissue perfusion, fatigue, high risk of injury, high risk of infection, deterioration of comfort itching , high risk of impaired skin integrity and pain. It was not possible to find any randomized controlled studies on this subject.

Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure. NCBI Bookshelf. Ashwin A. Mukkamalla ; Hani M. Authors Ashwin A. Mukkamalla 3 ; Hani M. Babiker 4. Polycythemia, also called erythrocytosis, refers to increased red blood cell mass, noted on laboratory evaluation as increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.

Nursing care plan for polycythemia

Patients with Polycythemia vera may experience difficult-to-manage symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, vision disturbances, and fatigue. For these reasons, healthcare professionals must understand polycythemia vera management and how they can help provide quality care to those affected by this life-long condition. Polycythemia vera is a chronic and progressive blood disorder characterized by increased red blood cell production. This rare disease carries an increased risk of stroke and heart attack due to the thickening of the red blood cells resulting from this condition. A malignant DNA mutation in a single bone marrow cell causes polycythemia vera. While some may experience elevated levels of all three components, others may only have increased RBCs. Polycythemia vera PV is a disorder in which the body produces too many red blood cells. This overproduction can lead to thrombosis and, in some cases, Hemorrhage. Platelets are also produced in abundance by those with PV; however, they are often not developed enough to aid standard clotting mechanisms. PV often goes unnoticed until a routine blood test reveals abnormal results.

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Secondary polycythemia results from an abnormal increase in erythropoietin production e. Executive Health Program. MPN Research Foundation. Davis Drug Guide. Consenting to these technologies will allow us to process data such as browsing behavior or unique IDs on this site. Polycythemia vera is usually seen in adult males older than 60 years, but can occur at any age. Tefferi A, et al. The nurse can encourage the patient to eat foods that are high in protein and iron, such as liver, egg yolk, beef, and dried fruits such as prunes and apricots. Tefferi A. Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy If your doctor suspects that you have polycythemia vera, he or she might recommend collecting a sample of your bone marrow through a bone marrow aspiration or biopsy. Bone marrow biopsy. Further, the excess histamine secretion that occurs in PV can lead to gastrointestinal problems such as peptic ulcers and epigastric distress. Financial Assistance Documents — Florida. Cleveland Clinic. If there is not enough fluid to shift from the interstitial and intracellular spaces into the vascular space, the blood pressure will fall and the patient will show signs of shock.

Polycythemia is a chronic disorder characterized by excessive production of red blood cells RBCs , platelets, and myelocytes.

Medical Professionals. Follow Mayo Clinic. Nicol, C. This helps decrease your risk of blood clots. Non-pharmacologic treatments include: Early ambulation and ROM to improve blood flow and help prevent thrombotic events. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Sign up for free e-newsletters. More Information. Griesshammer M, et al. Only gold members can continue reading. Poor circulation can make it difficult for sores to heal, particularly on your hands and feet. These are pain measures that potentiate analgesics and do not have side effects. About Mayo Clinic. Two types of polycythemia The cause of the condition determines the type of polycythemia: Primary polycythemia otherwise known as polycythemia vera occurs due to the genetic mutation, which is typically not hereditary. Using tobacco can cause your blood vessels to narrow, increasing the risk of heart attack or stroke due to blood clots.