Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

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Skip to content. What is myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease? Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOG is a protein found on the covering of nerves in the central nervous system. While the precise function of MOG is not fully understood, it likely plays a role in myelin maturation, myelin integrity, and cell surface interactions. MOG antibody disease affects males and females almost equally and are more prevalent in children than adults.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOG is a glycoprotein believed to be important in the myelination of nerves in the central nervous system CNS. In humans this protein is encoded by the MOG gene. MOG's cDNA coding region in humans have been shown to be "highly homologous" [9] to rats, mice, and bovine, and hence highly conserved. This suggests "an important biological role for this protein". The gene for MOG, found on chromosome 6 p The crystal structure of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein was determined by x-ray diffraction at a resolution of 1. This protein is residues long, and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Also, MOG was shown to dimerize in solution, and the shape complementarity index is high at the dimer interface, suggesting a "biologically relevant MOG dimer. Developmentally, MOG is formed "very late on oligodendrocytes and the myelin sheath". Interest in MOG has centered on its role in demyelinating diseases. Some of them are not-inflammatory, such as adrenoleukodystrophy , vanishing white matter disease , and Rubella induced mental retardation. MOG has received much of its laboratory attention in studies dealing with MS.

Lancet Neurol ; Neuroophthalmology ;

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease, also known as MOGAD, is a rare inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system. In MOGAD , the immune system attacks the fatty substance that protects nerve fibers in the optic nerves, brain and spinal cord. Symptoms of MOGAD may include vision loss, muscle weakness, stiffness or paralysis, confusion, seizures, and headaches. These symptoms can be sometimes confused with other diseases such as multiple sclerosis. However, there are treatments to help speed the recovery from attacks, manage symptoms and reduce the likelihood of symptoms returning. MOGAD causes painful swelling, known as inflammation. Symptoms are caused by attacks from:.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOG -associated disease MOGAD is a rare, antibody-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system CNS with various phenotypes starting from optic neuritis, via transverse myelitis to acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis ADEM and cortical encephalitis. Even though sometimes the clinical picture of this condition is similar to the presentation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder NMOSD , most experts consider MOGAD as a distinct entity with different immune system pathology. MOG is a molecule detected on the outer membrane of myelin sheaths and expressed primarily within the brain, spinal cord and also the optic nerves. Its function is not fully understood but this glycoprotein may act as a cell surface receptor or cell adhesion molecule. The specific outmost location of myelin makes it a potential target for autoimmune antibodies and cell-mediated responses in demyelinating processes. Optic neuritis seems to be the most frequent presenting phenotype in adults and ADEM in children. In adults, the disease course is multiphasic and subsequent relapses increase disability.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

Skip to content. What is myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease? Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOG is a protein found on the covering of nerves in the central nervous system. While the precise function of MOG is not fully understood, it likely plays a role in myelin maturation, myelin integrity, and cell surface interactions. MOG antibody disease affects males and females almost equally and are more prevalent in children than adults. Patients who show the symptoms listed above will undergo a serum blood test. MRIs of the brain, orbits and spine may also reveal lesions or white matter changes suggestive of an inflammatory process. As appropriate, our Neuroimmune specialists will also rule out other conditions that may look similar to MOG antibody disease.

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Contents move to sidebar hide. Patients with a history of immunosuppression need to be evaluated for PML Peripheral Nervous System Syndromes AIDP, myeloradiculitis, multifocal motor neuropathy, brachial neuritis, migrant sensory neuritis, combined central and peripheral demyelination, and paresthesias with limb pain have been rarely reported in MOGAD patients with CNS findings The differential for these entities is quite broad. Results need to be interpreted in the appropriate clinical context. Part 2: Results from lumbar punctures in 80 pediatric patients. Spinal imaging abnormalities often resolve after clinical recovery which is a distinguishing feature of MOGAD. Read Edit View history. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. Plasma exchange in neurological disease. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. The Frontiers in Neurology.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein MOG is a glycoprotein believed to be important in the myelination of nerves in the central nervous system CNS. In humans this protein is encoded by the MOG gene.

Patients with a history of immunosuppression need to be evaluated for PML. Brain imaging may be normal initially for patients with ON or myelitis. J Neuroinflammation. Attacks usually develop over days and can be severe and debilitating. A minority of individuals may manifest features resembling acute flaccid myelitis with areflexia instead of the more common upper motor neuron syndrome. Instead, these patients may present with altered consciousness, seizures, or a brainstem syndrome. The current estimated range of incidence in the pediatric population is 3. Among 1, patients tested, 78 4. Abstract New diagnostic criteria for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease MOGAD have recently been proposed, distinguishing this syndrome from other inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. See "Optic neuropathies", section on 'Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy'. Cranial nerve involvement in patients with MOG antibody-associated disease. Specifically, it is challenging to identify patients who will remain monophasic after their first attack. The frequency of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis in MS: A population-based study. International Patients. The disease has a predilection for children.