Kupffer

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Kupffer cells are resident liver macrophages and kupffer a critical role in maintaining liver functions. Under physiological conditions, they are the first innate immune cells and protect the liver from bacterial infections, kupffer.

Kupffer cells , also known as stellate macrophages and Kupffer—Browicz cells , are specialized cells localized in the liver within the lumen of the liver sinusoids and are adhesive to their endothelial cells which make up the blood vessel walls. Kupffer cells comprise the largest population of tissue-resident macrophages in the body. Gut bacteria, bacterial endotoxins, and microbial debris transported to the liver from the gastrointestinal tract via the portal vein will first come in contact with Kupffer cells, the first immune cells in the liver. It is because of this that any change to Kupffer cell functions can be connected to various liver diseases such as alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, intrahepatic cholestasis, steatohepatitis, activation or rejection of the liver during liver transplantation and liver fibrosis. Kupffer cells can be found attached to sinusoidal endothelial cells in both the centrilobular and periportal regions of the hepatic lobules.

Kupffer

Sponsored by the Carcinogenesis Speciality Section. Ruth A. Roberts, Patricia E. Ganey, Cynthia Ju, Lisa M. Kamendulis, Ivan Rusyn, James E. Kupffer cells are resident macrophages of the liver and play an important role in its normal physiology and homeostasis as well as participating in the acute and chronic responses of the liver to toxic compounds. Activation of Kupffer cells directly or indirectly by toxic agents results in the release of an array of inflammatory mediators, growth factors, and reactive oxygen species. This activation appears to modulate acute hepatocyte injury as well as chronic liver responses including hepatic cancer. Understanding the role Kupffer cells play in these diverse responses is key to understanding mechanisms of liver injury. Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver disease results in morbidity and mortality, impacting severely on the development of new pharmacological agents. Modulation of the response of Kupffer cells by drugs has been suggested as a cause for the idiosyncratic response. Similarly, liver damage seen in chronic ethanol consumption appears to be modulated by Kupffer cell activation. More recent evidence has noted a contributory role of Kupffer cell activation in the process of hepatic carcinogenesis.

DNA synthesis was assessed in the liver of these same animals using BrdU immunohistochemistry, kupffer.

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Kupffer cells are a critical component of the mononuclear phagocytic system and are central to both the hepatic and systemic response to pathogens. Kupffer cells are reemerging as critical mediators of both liver injury and repair. Multiple M2 phenotypes can be distinguished, each involved in the resolution of inflammation and wound healing. Here, we have provided an update on recent research that has contributed to the developing delineation of the contribution of Kupffer cells to different types of liver injury, with an emphasis on alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver diseases.

Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. Kupffer cells are a specialized population of macrophages that reside in the liver. They remove microbial products and other noxious substances that are delivered to the liver via the blood. A landmark study reveals how Kupffer cells, resident macrophages of the liver, can promote antitumor immunity.

Kupffer

Federal government websites often end in. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site. The site is secure. NCBI Bookshelf. Hajira Basit ; Michael L.

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A schematic depicting Kupffer cell-hepatocyte interactions in peroxisome proliferator-induced effects in rodent liver. Tilg H, Diehl AM. The multifaceted role of the microenvironment in liver metastasis: biology and clinical implications. They also wondered whether KCs might play a role in the modulation of preneoplastic lesion growth. This receptor is involved in recognising and binding the lipid A domain of lipopolysaccharide LPS and lipoteichoic acid. Biochem Soc Symp. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha is restricted to hepatic parenchymal cells, not Kupffer cells: Implications for the mechanism of action of peroxisome proliferators in hepatocarcinogenesis. Histiocytes Kupffer cells Alveolar macrophage Microglia Osteoclasts Epithelioid cells giant cells Langhans giant cells Foreign-body giant cell Touton giant cells. Peroxisome proliferators are known to increase proliferation of rodent hepatocytes both in vitro and in vivo. Studies done in animals depleted of Kupffer cells, either in response to clodronate or in studies of bone marrow transplants, reveal that Kupffer cell replacement to the liver occurs over 14 to 21 days Expression and induction of anaphylatoxin C5a receptors in the rat liver. Mills CD. Understanding the role the Kupffer cell plays in the induction of hepatocyte injury is essential in understanding the mechanisms of the liver injury. The amount of Kupffer cells in the liver is held constant.

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At the same time, they interact with other hepatic cells, and parenchymal or non-parenchymal cells, to maintain their metabolism homeostasis. Tools Tools. Early growth response-1 transcription factor is essential for ethanol-induced Fatty liver injury in mice. However, it is clear that activated Kupffer cells are also key to chronic liver responses, including neoplasia. Opposite to the classical M1 macrophages, the alternative M2 macrophages use oxidative metabolism. So far, this review has explored the role that Kupffer cells play in acute liver responses to damage. Ethanol feeding to mice results in both quantitative and qualitative changes in gut microbiota; recent studies using massively parallel pyrosequencing have identified specific populations of gut bacteria that are impacted by ethanol feeding Plasma endotoxin and serum cytokine levels in patients with alcoholic hepatitis: relation to severity of liver disturbance. The controlled and appropriate resolution of inflammation is an essential feature of the innate immune response. J Clin Inv.