Exhaustive list of mathematical symbols and their meaning

Math Vault. A comprehensive collection of symbols used in mathematics — categorized by function, subject and type into tables along with each symbol's usage and meaning. T he language and vocabulary of mathematics contain a large amount of symbols — some being more technical than others.

Mathematical symbols are used to perform various operations. The symbols make it easier to refer Mathematical quantities. It is interesting to note that Mathematics is completely based on numbers and symbols. The math symbols not only refer to different quantities but also represent the relationship between two quantities. All mathematical symbols are mainly used to perform mathematical operations under various concepts.

Exhaustive list of mathematical symbols and their meaning

A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object , an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various types, many symbols are needed for expressing all mathematics. The most basic symbols are the decimal digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 , and the letters of the Latin alphabet. The decimal digits are used for representing numbers through the Hindu—Arabic numeral system. Historically, upper-case letters were used for representing points in geometry, and lower-case letters were used for variables and constants. Letters are used for representing many other sorts of mathematical objects. As the number of these sorts has remarkably increased in modern mathematics, the Greek alphabet and some Hebrew letters are also used. In mathematical formulas , the standard typeface is italic type for Latin letters and lower-case Greek letters, and upright type for upper case Greek letters. The use of Latin and Greek letters as symbols for denoting mathematical objects is not described in this article. For such uses, see Variable mathematics and List of mathematical constants. These letters alone are not sufficient for the needs of mathematicians, and many other symbols are used. Normally, entries of a glossary are structured by topics and sorted alphabetically. This is not possible here, as there is no natural order on symbols, and many symbols are used in different parts of mathematics with different meanings, often completely unrelated. Therefore, some arbitrary choices had to be made, which are summarized below.

Main article: Formal language.

The following list of mathematical symbols by subject features a selection of the most common symbols used in modern mathematical notation within formulas , grouped by mathematical topic. As it is impossible to know if a complete list existing today of all symbols used in history is a representation of all ever used in history, as this would necessitate knowing if extant records are of all usages, only those symbols which occur often in mathematics or mathematics education are included. The following list is largely limited to non-alphanumeric characters. It is divided by areas of mathematics and grouped within sub-regions. Some symbols have a different meaning depending on the context and appear accordingly several times in the list. Further information on the symbols and their meaning can also be found in the respective linked articles.

Mathematical symbols are used to perform various operations. The symbols make it easier to refer Mathematical quantities. It is interesting to note that Mathematics is completely based on numbers and symbols. The math symbols not only refer to different quantities but also represent the relationship between two quantities. All mathematical symbols are mainly used to perform mathematical operations under various concepts.

Exhaustive list of mathematical symbols and their meaning

Math Vault. A lgebra is a subfield of mathematics pertaining to the manipulation of symbols and their governing rules. The following is a compilation of symbols from the different branches of algebra, which include basic algebra, number theory, linear algebra and abstract algebra. For readability purpose, these symbols are categorized by their function and topic into charts and tables. Other comprehensive lists of symbols — as categorized by subject and type — can be also found in the relevant pages below or in the navigational panel.

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It is divided by areas of mathematics and grouped within sub-regions. Sample variance. Read Edit View history. Transversal intersection. Download as PDF Printable version. Prefer the PDF version instead? It indicates material implication where true value is returned only if either of the operand is true or false. It indicates the linear operator of function f which transforms f t to F s , with s being the complex argument. On the other hand, the last sections contain symbols that are specific to some area of mathematics and are ignored outside these areas. These are some of the most important and commonly used symbols in mathematics. FREE Signup. For more symbols in geometry and trigonometry, see geometry and trigonometry symbols. Circumference Of A Circle Formula. Small quantities in proofs involving limits.

The following list of mathematical symbols by subject features a selection of the most common symbols used in modern mathematical notation within formulas , grouped by mathematical topic.

Independence probability theory. The pi symbol is a mathematical constant which is defined as the ratio of circumference of a circle to its diameter. It denotes the theoretical distribution of number of successes in a finite data set with constant probability of successes. Mention the logic symbols in maths. Partially ordered set. Division mathematics. It indicates ratio of two variables should be equal to the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two variables. It refers to antiderivative, and is the signed area of a region which is bounded by graph definite integral. Their meanings depend not only on their shapes, but also on the nature and the arrangement of what is delimited by them, and sometimes what appears between or before them. Why do we use mathematical symbols? Pi is an irrational number which is defined as the ratio of circle circumference to its diameter. It denotes the discrete probability distribution of the number of successes in n number of experiments, where each success is yielded by probability p. Degree of a polynomial. List of mathematical symbols by subject Glossary of mathematical symbols List of logic symbols. For lists of symbols categorized by type and subject , refer to the relevant pages below for more.